🏭CommercialEnergy Storage • Batteries

Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) Batteries

Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) batteries offer a safer, longer-lasting alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries. With lifespans exceeding 6,000 cycles, LFP batteries provide enhanced thermal stability and reduced fire risk compared to other lithium-ion chemistries. Cost /kWh with energy densities of 90-120 Wh/kg, making them ideal for electric vehicles, grid storage, and stationary applications where safety and longevity are prioritized over energy density.

How It Works

LFP batteries use lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) cathodes with graphite anodes in a lithium salt electrolyte. The stable crystal structure prevents oxygen release during thermal events, eliminating fire risk. Phosphate bonds are stronger than oxide bonds in other lithium chemistries, providing superior cycle life.

Advantages

Exceptional safety with no thermal runaway, long cycle life (6,000+ cycles), operates in wide temperature range (-20°C to 60°C), contains no cobalt reducing supply chain risks, and cost-effective for stationary storage.

Challenges

Lower energy density (120-160 Wh/kg vs 250-300 Wh/kg for NMC), reduced performance in cold weather, requires larger volume and weight for same energy storage, and lower nominal voltage (3.2V vs 3.7V).